This is an old German game. There are at least two versions of it. 

One is quite well known, since it iss reproduced in the book "Wer wagt gewinnt: Alte Würfelspiele" (Parabel, Zurich / Das Kinderbuchverlag, East Berlin : 1985). It is a large print (41 x 33 cm). It comes from a multigame book (or similar), since I have at least a game of goose of the same collection. The cycling game is number 9558 (while the game of goose is nr. 8017). Both have a black and white mill board (aka Nine Men Morris) board prrinted on the back.

The second version is a strangely small print (20 x 15 cm).

At first sight both boards look quite similar but, on a closer examination, we see that the game was completely redrawn at some time. (The smaller print is on the left, the board taken from the book is on the right, all through this page).

Here is an important detail: The flags on the right are the imperial german flags used until 1918. So the board published on the book is pre-WWI, and the print I have is probably a later edition made after the war, when the Weimar republic had changed the flag to the one we have now.

Read about the history of the German flag on the Wikipedia

The book: